What is the relationship between phospholipase C and its output product?

Phospholipase C plays a crucial role in cellular signaling pathways by hydrolyzing phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), resulting in the generation of two important secondary messengers: inositol trisphosphate (IP₃) and diacylglycerol (DAG).

IP₃ has a significant function in signaling as it diffuses into the cytoplasm and binds to receptors on the endoplasmic reticulum, promoting the release of calcium ions into the cytosol. This increase in intracellular calcium is vital for various cellular processes, including muscle contraction, neurotransmitter release, and other signaling pathways.

DAG, on the other hand, remains in the plasma membrane and activates protein kinase C (PKC), which then phosphorylates various target proteins, further propagating the signaling cascade. This dual production of IP₃ and DAG is a key aspect of how phospholipase C facilitates cellular responses.

The statement that both IP₃ and DAG are produced by phospholipase C is therefore correct, leading to the conclusion that the combination of these two products functioning together is critical for effective signal transduction in numerous biological processes.